ruijie CVE Vulnerabilities & Metrics

Focus on ruijie vulnerabilities and metrics.

Last updated: 21 Aug 2025, 22:25 UTC

About ruijie Security Exposure

This page consolidates all known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) associated with ruijie. We track both calendar-based metrics (using fixed periods) and rolling metrics (using gliding windows) to give you a comprehensive view of security trends and risk evolution. Use these insights to assess risk and plan your patching strategy.

For a broader perspective on cybersecurity threats, explore the comprehensive list of CVEs by vendor and product. Stay updated on critical vulnerabilities affecting major software and hardware providers.

Global CVE Overview

Total ruijie CVEs: 48
Earliest CVE date: 16 Nov 2021, 19:15 UTC
Latest CVE date: 11 Feb 2025, 20:15 UTC

Latest CVE reference: CVE-2025-25527

Rolling Stats

30-day Count (Rolling): 0
365-day Count (Rolling): 6

Calendar-based Variation

Calendar-based Variation compares a fixed calendar period (e.g., this month versus the same month last year), while Rolling Growth Rate uses a continuous window (e.g., last 30 days versus the previous 30 days) to capture trends independent of calendar boundaries.

Variations & Growth

Month Variation (Calendar): 0%
Year Variation (Calendar): -82.86%

Month Growth Rate (30-day Rolling): 0.0%
Year Growth Rate (365-day Rolling): -82.86%

Monthly CVE Trends (current vs previous Year)

Annual CVE Trends (Last 20 Years)

Critical ruijie CVEs (CVSS ≥ 9) Over 20 Years

CVSS Stats

Average CVSS: 4.13

Max CVSS: 7.5

Critical CVEs (≥9): 0

CVSS Range vs. Count

Range Count
0.0-3.9 15
4.0-6.9 31
7.0-8.9 2
9.0-10.0 0

CVSS Distribution Chart

Top 5 Highest CVSS ruijie CVEs

These are the five CVEs with the highest CVSS scores for ruijie, sorted by severity first and recency.

All CVEs for ruijie

CVE-2025-25527 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 11 Feb 2025, 20:15 UTC

Buffer overflow vulnerability in Ruijie RG-NBR2600S Gateway 10.3(4b12) due to the lack of length verification, which is related to the configuration of source address NAT rules. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can cause the remote target device to crash or execute arbitrary commands.

CVE-2024-42936 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 21 Jan 2025, 20:15 UTC

The mqlink.elf is service component in Ruijie RG-EW300N with firmware ReyeeOS 1.300.1422 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via a modified MQTT broker message.

CVE-2024-48783 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 15 Oct 2024, 21:15 UTC

An issue in Ruijie NBR3000D-E Gateway allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the /tool/shell/postgresql.conf component.

CVE-2024-24117 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 02 Oct 2024, 21:15 UTC

Insecure Permissions vulnerability in Ruijie RG-NBS2009G-P RGOS v.10.4(1)P2 Release (9736) allows a remote attacker to gain privileges via the login check state component.

CVE-2024-24116 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 02 Oct 2024, 19:15 UTC

An issue in Ruijie RG-NBS2009G-P RGOS v.10.4(1)P2 Release(9736) allows a remote attacker to gain privileges via the system/config_menu.htm.

CVE-2024-8166 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 26 Aug 2024, 15:15 UTC

A vulnerability has been found in Ruijie EG2000K 11.1(6)B2 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /tool/index.php?c=download&a=save. The manipulation of the argument content leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2019-16641 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 16 Jul 2024, 17:15 UTC

An issue was found on the Ruijie EG-2000 series gateway. There is a buffer overflow in client.so. Consequently, an attacker can use login.php to login to any account, without providing its password. This affects EG-2000SE EG_RGOS 11.1(1)B1.

CVE-2019-16640 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 16 Jul 2024, 17:15 UTC

An issue was found in upload.php on the Ruijie EG-2000 series gateway. A parameter passed to the class UploadFile is mishandled (%00 and /var/./html are not checked), which can allow an attacker to upload any file to the gateway. This affects EG-2000SE EG_RGOS 11.9 B11P1.

CVE-2019-16639 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 16 Jul 2024, 17:15 UTC

An issue was found on the Ruijie EG-2000 series gateway. There is a newcli.php API interface without access control, which can allow an attacker (who only has web interface access) to use TELNET commands and/or show admin passwords via the mode_url=exec&command= substring. This affects EG-2000SE EG_RGOS 11.9 B11P1.

CVE-2019-16638 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 16 Jul 2024, 17:15 UTC

An issue was found on the Ruijie EG-2000 series gateway. An attacker can easily dump cleartext stored passwords in /data/config.text with simple XORs. This affects EG-2000SE EG_RGOS 11.1(1)B1.

CVE-2024-6269 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 23 Jun 2024, 12:15 UTC

A vulnerability has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC 1.0 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function get_ip.addr_details of the file /view/vpn/autovpn/sxh_vpnlic.php of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument indevice leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-269482 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-6187 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 20 Jun 2024, 13:15 UTC

A vulnerability has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC 1.0 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /view/vpn/autovpn/sub_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument key leads to os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-269158 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-6186 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 20 Jun 2024, 13:15 UTC

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Ruijie RG-UAC 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /view/userAuthentication/SSO/commit.php. The manipulation of the argument ad_log_name leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-269157 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-6185 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 20 Jun 2024, 12:15 UTC

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC 1.0. Affected by this issue is the function get_ip_addr_details of the file /view/dhcp/dhcpConfig/commit.php. The manipulation of the argument ethname leads to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-269156. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-6184 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 20 Jun 2024, 12:15 UTC

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Ruijie RG-UAC 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /view/systemConfig/reboot/reboot_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument servicename leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-269155. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2023-30308 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 28 May 2024, 20:16 UTC

An issue discovered in Ruijie EG210G-P, Ruijie EG105G-V2, Ruijie NBR, and Ruijie EG105G routers allows attackers to hijack TCP sessions which could lead to a denial of service.

CVE-2024-5340 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 25 May 2024, 22:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240516. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /view/vpn/autovpn/sub_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument key leads to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-266246 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-5339 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 25 May 2024, 17:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240516. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /view/vpn/autovpn/online_check.php. The manipulation of the argument peernode leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-266245 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-5338 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 25 May 2024, 16:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240516. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the file /view/vpn/autovpn/online.php. The manipulation of the argument peernode leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-266244. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-5337 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 25 May 2024, 15:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240516 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /view/systemConfig/sys_user/user_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument email2/user_name leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-266243. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-5336 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 25 May 2024, 15:15 UTC

A vulnerability has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240516 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects the function addVlan of the file /view/networkConfig/vlan/vlan_add_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument phyport leads to os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-266242 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4816 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 14 May 2024, 15:45 UTC

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240506. This affects an unknown part of the file /view/networkConfig/GRE/gre_add_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument name/remote/local/IP leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-263937 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4815 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 14 May 2024, 15:45 UTC

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240506. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /view/bugSolve/viewData/detail.php. The manipulation of the argument filename leads to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-263936. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4814 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 14 May 2024, 15:45 UTC

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240506. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /view/networkConfig/RouteConfig/StaticRoute/static_route_edit_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument oldipmask/oldgateway leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-263935. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4813 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 14 May 2024, 15:45 UTC

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240506. Affected is an unknown function of the file /view/networkConfig/physicalInterface/interface_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument name leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-263934 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4510 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 06 May 2024, 01:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /view/networkConfig/ArpTable/arp_add_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument text_ip_addr/text_mac_addr leads to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-263114 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4509 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 06 May 2024, 01:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /view/IPV6/naborTable/add_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument ip_addr/mac_addr leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-263113 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4508 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 06 May 2024, 01:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the file /view/IPV6/ipv6StaticRoute/static_route_edit_ipv6.php. The manipulation of the argument oldipmask/oldgateway/olddevname leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-263112. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4507 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 06 May 2024, 00:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /view/IPV6/ipv6StaticRoute/static_route_add_ipv6.php. The manipulation of the argument text_prefixlen/text_gateway/devname leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-263111. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4506 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 05 May 2024, 23:15 UTC

A vulnerability has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /view/IPV6/ipv6Addr/ip_addr_edit_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument text_ip_addr/orgprelen/orgname leads to os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-263110 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4505 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 05 May 2024, 23:15 UTC

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428. This affects an unknown part of the file /view/IPV6/ipv6Addr/ip_addr_add_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument prelen/ethname leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-263109 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4504 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 05 May 2024, 23:15 UTC

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /view/HAconfig/baseConfig/commit.php. The manipulation of the argument peer_ip/local_ip leads to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-263108. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4503 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 05 May 2024, 22:15 UTC

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /view/dhcp/dhcpConfig/dhcp_relay_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument interface_from leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-263107. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4502 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 05 May 2024, 22:15 UTC

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428. Affected is an unknown function of the file /view/dhcp/dhcpClient/dhcp_client_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument ifName leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-263106 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4501 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 05 May 2024, 20:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240428. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /view/bugSolve/captureData/commit.php. The manipulation of the argument tcpDump leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-263105 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-4255 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 27 Apr 2024, 15:15 UTC

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Ruijie RG-UAC up to 20240419. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /view/network Config/GRE/gre_edit_commit.php. The manipulation of the argument name leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-262145 was assigned to this vulnerability.

CVE-2024-28288 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 30 Mar 2024, 01:15 UTC

Ruijie RG-NBR700GW 10.3(4b12) router lacks cookie verification when resetting the password, resulting in an administrator password reset vulnerability. An attacker can use this vulnerability to log in to the device and disrupt the business of the enterprise.

CVE-2024-2642 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 7.5 19 Mar 2024, 22:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-NBS2009G-P up to 20240305. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /EXCU_SHELL. The manipulation of the argument Command1 leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-257281 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2024-2641 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.0 19 Mar 2024, 21:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-NBS2009G-P up to 20240305. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the file /system/passwdManage.htm of the component Password Handler. The manipulation leads to improper authorization. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257280. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2023-50993 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 20 Dec 2023, 22:15 UTC

Ruijie WS6008 v1.x v2.x AC_RGOS11.9(6)W3B2_G2C6-01_10221911 and WS6108 v1.x AC_RGOS11.9(6)W3B2_G2C6-01_10221911 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the function downFiles.

CVE-2023-48849 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 06 Dec 2023, 08:15 UTC

Ruijie EG Series Routers version EG_3.0(1)B11P216 and before allows unauthenticated attackers to remotely execute arbitrary code due to incorrect filtering.

CVE-2023-38902 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 17 Aug 2023, 13:15 UTC

A command injection vulnerability in RG-EW series home routers and repeaters v.EW_3.0(1)B11P219, RG-NBS and RG-S1930 series switches v.SWITCH_3.0(1)B11P219, RG-EG series business VPN routers v.EG_3.0(1)B11P219, EAP and RAP series wireless access points v.AP_3.0(1)B11P219, and NBC series wireless controllers v.AC_3.0(1)B11P219 allows an authorized attacker to execute arbitrary commands on remote devices by sending a POST request to /cgi-bin/luci/api/cmd via the remoteIp field.

CVE-2023-4169 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 6.5 05 Aug 2023, 18:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-EW1200G 1.0(1)B1P5. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /api/sys/set_passwd of the component Administrator Password Handler. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-236185 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2023-34644 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 0 31 Jul 2023, 14:15 UTC

Remote code execution vulnerability in Ruijie Networks Product: RG-EW series home routers and repeaters EW_3.0(1)B11P204, RG-NBS and RG-S1930 series switches SWITCH_3.0(1)B11P218, RG-EG series business VPN routers EG_3.0(1)B11P216, EAP and RAP series wireless access points AP_3.0(1)B11P218, NBC series wireless controllers AC_3.0(1)B11P86 allows unauthorized remote attackers to gain the highest privileges via crafted POST request to /cgi-bin/luci/api/auth.

CVE-2023-3450 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.8 28 Jun 2023, 18:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-BCR860 2.5.13 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component Network Diagnostic Page. The manipulation leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-232547. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2023-3306 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 7.5 18 Jun 2023, 08:15 UTC

A vulnerability was found in Ruijie RG-EW1200G EW_3.0(1)B11P204. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file app.09df2a9e44ab48766f5f.js of the component Admin Password Handler. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-231802 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CVE-2020-21639 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 4.3 16 Nov 2021, 19:15 UTC

Ruijie RG-UAC 6000-E50 commit 9071227 was discovered to contain a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via the rule_name parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML via a crafted payload.

CVE-2020-21627 ruijie vulnerability CVSS: 5.0 16 Nov 2021, 19:15 UTC

Ruijie RG-UAC commit 9071227 was discovered to contain a vulnerability in the component /current_action.php?action=reboot, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (DoS) via unspecified vectors.