CVE-2026-44659 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2026-44659
Vulnerability Scoring

4.7
/10
Medium Risk

The vulnerability CVE-2026-44659 could compromise system integrity but typically requires user interaction to be exploited.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: None
    No privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Changed
    Successful exploitation can impact components beyond the vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: Required
    User interaction is necessary for successful exploitation.

CVE-2026-44659 Details

Status: Deferred

Last updated: 🕞 13 May 2026, 15:37 UTC
Originally published on: 🕕 11 May 2026, 18:16 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 1 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

security-advisories@github.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVE-2026-44659 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2026-44659: Zen is a firefox-based browser. Prior to 1.19.12b, the ZEN Browser incorrectly truncates long hostnames in the address bar and shows only the attacker-controlled prefix of the subdomain, hiding the actual registrable domain (eTLD+1). As a result, an attacker can craft extremely long malicious subdomains that visually imitate trusted brands, and the browser will display only the spoofed prefix, misleading users about the actual origin of the site. This directly compromises the URL bar as a security indicator and creates a phishing/supply-chain attack vector. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.12b.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2026-44659

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2026-44659 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2026-44659

With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2026-44659 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2026-44659, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2026-44659, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: None
    CVE-2026-44659 has no significant impact on data confidentiality.
  • Integrity: Low
    Exploiting CVE-2026-44659 may cause minor changes to data without severely impacting its accuracy.
  • Availability: None
    CVE-2026-44659 does not impact system availability.

CVE-2026-44659 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-451

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

  • Resource Location Spoofing CAPEC-154 An adversary deceives an application or user and convinces them to request a resource from an unintended location. By spoofing the location, the adversary can cause an alternate resource to be used, often one that the adversary controls and can be used to help them achieve their malicious goals.
  • Spear Phishing CAPEC-163 An adversary targets a specific user or group with a Phishing (CAPEC-98) attack tailored to a category of users in order to have maximum relevance and deceptive capability. Spear Phishing is an enhanced version of the Phishing attack targeted to a specific user or group. The quality of the targeted email is usually enhanced by appearing to come from a known or trusted entity. If the email account of some trusted entity has been compromised the message may be digitally signed. The message will contain information specific to the targeted users that will enhance the probability that they will follow the URL to the compromised site. For example, the message may indicate knowledge of the targets employment, residence, interests, or other information that suggests familiarity. As soon as the user follows the instructions in the message, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
  • Mobile Phishing CAPEC-164 An adversary targets mobile phone users with a phishing attack for the purpose of soliciting account passwords or sensitive information from the user. Mobile Phishing is a variation of the Phishing social engineering technique where the attack is initiated via a text or SMS message, rather than email. The user is enticed to provide information or visit a compromised web site via this message. Apart from the manner in which the attack is initiated, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
  • Action Spoofing CAPEC-173 An adversary is able to disguise one action for another and therefore trick a user into initiating one type of action when they intend to initiate a different action. For example, a user might be led to believe that clicking a button will submit a query, but in fact it downloads software. Adversaries may perform this attack through social means, such as by simply convincing a victim to perform the action or relying on a user's natural inclination to do so, or through technical means, such as a clickjacking attack where a user sees one interface but is actually interacting with a second, invisible, interface.
  • Phishing CAPEC-98 Phishing is a social engineering technique where an attacker masquerades as a legitimate entity with which the victim might do business in order to prompt the user to reveal some confidential information (very frequently authentication credentials) that can later be used by an attacker. Phishing is essentially a form of information gathering or "fishing" for information.

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