CVE-2026-41488 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2026-41488
Vulnerability Scoring

3.1

/10

Moderate Risk

Exploiting CVE-2026-41488 requires specific conditions, leading to a moderate security impact.

Attack Complexity Details

Attack Complexity: High
Exploits require significant effort and special conditions.
Attack Vector: Network
Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
Privileges Required: None
No privileges are required for exploitation.
Scope: Unchanged
Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
User Interaction: Required
User interaction is necessary for successful exploitation.

CVE-2026-41488 Details

Status: Analyzed

Last updated: 🕕 28 Apr 2026, 18:17 UTC
Originally published on: 🕘 24 Apr 2026, 21:16 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 3 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

security-advisories@github.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

CVE-2026-41488 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2026-41488: LangChain is a framework for building agents and LLM-powered applications. Prior to 1.1.14, langchain-openai's _url_to_size() helper (used by get_num_tokens_from_messages for image token counting) validated URLs for SSRF protection and then fetched them in a separate network operation with independent DNS resolution. This left a TOCTOU / DNS rebinding window: an attacker-controlled hostname could resolve to a public IP during validation and then to a private/localhost IP during the actual fetch.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2026-41488

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2026-41488 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2026-41488

CVE-2026-41488 presents a challenge to exploit due to its high attack complexity, but the absence of privilege requirements still makes it a viable target for skilled attackers. A thorough security review is advised.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2026-41488, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2026-41488, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

Confidentiality: Low
CVE-2026-41488 could lead to minor leaks of non-critical information without major privacy breaches.
Integrity: None
CVE-2026-41488 poses no threat to data integrity.
Availability: None
CVE-2026-41488 does not impact system availability.

CVE-2026-41488 References

External References

https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/security/advisories/GHSA-r7w7-9xr2-qq2r

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-918

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

Server Side Request Forgery CAPEC-664 An adversary exploits improper input validation by submitting maliciously crafted input to a target application running on a server, with the goal of forcing the server to make a request either to itself, to web services running in the server’s internal network, or to external third parties. If successful, the adversary’s request will be made with the server’s privilege level, bypassing its authentication controls. This ultimately allows the adversary to access sensitive data, execute commands on the server’s network, and make external requests with the stolen identity of the server. Server Side Request Forgery attacks differ from Cross Site Request Forgery attacks in that they target the server itself, whereas CSRF attacks exploit an insecure user authentication mechanism to perform unauthorized actions on the user's behalf.

Vulnerable Configurations

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