Highly exploitable, CVE-2026-19481 poses a critical security risk that could lead to severe breaches.
Status: Received on 13 Aug 2026, 09:17 UTC
Published on: 13 Aug 2026, 09:17 UTC
CVSS Release: version 3
ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb
Secondary
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2026-19481: @fastify/busboy is a multipart form-data parser. In versions 1.0.0 through 3.2.0, an attacker who can submit multipart form-data can crash the parser by sending a part header whose name is a prototype-inherited property such as __proto__ or constructor. The internal header parser stores headers in a plain JavaScript object and assumes each value is an array, so an inherited property name resolves to a truthy non-array value and triggers a TypeError. In the common pipe integration the failure surfaces as an error event, but in direct write or end usage the exception is thrown synchronously and can terminate the Node.js process, causing an unauthenticated denial of service. The issue is fixed in @fastify/busboy 3.2.1, which creates the header object with a null prototype. Users should upgrade to 3.2.1.
The exploitability of CVE-2026-19481 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).
With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2026-19481 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.
A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.
Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.
Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.
Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2026-19481, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.
Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2026-19481, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.
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