CVE-2025-48413 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2025-48413
Vulnerability Scoring

7.7
/10
Very High Risk

Highly exploitable, CVE-2025-48413 poses a critical security risk that could lead to severe breaches.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Local
    Vulnerability requires local system access.
  • Privileges Required: None
    No privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2025-48413 Details

Status: Awaiting Analysis

Published on: 21 May 2025, 12:16 UTC

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVE-2025-48413 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2025-48413: The `/etc/passwd` and `/etc/shadow` files reveal hard-coded password hashes for the operating system "root" user. The credentials are shipped with the update files. There is no option for deleting or changing their passwords for an enduser. An attacker can use the credentials to log into the device. Authentication can be performed via SSH backdoor or likely via physical access (UART shell).

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2025-48413

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2025-48413 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2025-48413

With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2025-48413 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2025-48413, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2025-48413, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: High
    Exploiting CVE-2025-48413 can result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, severely compromising data privacy.
  • Integrity: High
    CVE-2025-48413 could allow unauthorized modifications to data, potentially affecting system reliability and trust.
  • Availability: None
    CVE-2025-48413 does not impact system availability.

CVE-2025-48413 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-798

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

  • Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable CAPEC-191 An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
  • Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords CAPEC-70 An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.

Protect Your Infrastructure against CVE-2025-48413: Combat Critical CVE Threats

Stay updated with real-time CVE vulnerabilities and take action to secure your systems. Enhance your cybersecurity posture with the latest threat intelligence and mitigation techniques. Develop the skills necessary to defend against CVEs and secure critical infrastructures. Join the top cybersecurity professionals safeguarding today's infrastructures.

Other 5 Recently Published CVEs Vulnerabilities

  • CVE-2025-49069 – Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Cimatti Consulting Contact Forms by Cimatti allows Cross Site Request Forgery.This issue affects...
  • CVE-2025-23105 – An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 2200, 1480, and 2400. A Use-After-Free in the mobile processor leads to privilege escalation.
  • CVE-2025-23099 – An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1480 and 2400. The lack of a length check leads to out-of-bounds writes.
  • CVE-2025-1051 – Sonos Era 300 Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbit...
  • CVE-2025-5086 – A deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability affecting DELMIA Apriso from Release 2020 through Release 2025 could lead to a remote code execution.