Security assessments indicate that CVE-2025-37837 presents a notable risk, potentially requiring prompt mitigation.
Status: Analyzed
Last updated: 🕗 14 Nov 2025, 20:00 UTC
Originally published on: 🕖 09 May 2025, 07:16 UTC
Time between publication and last update: 189 days
CVSS Release: version 3
nvd@nist.gov
Primary
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVE-2025-37837: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/tegra241-cmdqv: Fix warnings due to dmam_free_coherent() Two WARNINGs are observed when SMMU driver rolls back upon failure: arm-smmu-v3.9.auto: Failed to register iommu arm-smmu-v3.9.auto: probe with driver arm-smmu-v3 failed with error -22 ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 5 PID: 1 at kernel/dma/mapping.c:74 dmam_free_coherent+0xc0/0xd8 Call trace: dmam_free_coherent+0xc0/0xd8 (P) tegra241_vintf_free_lvcmdq+0x74/0x188 tegra241_cmdqv_remove_vintf+0x60/0x148 tegra241_cmdqv_remove+0x48/0xc8 arm_smmu_impl_remove+0x28/0x60 devm_action_release+0x1c/0x40 ------------[ cut here ]------------ 128 pages are still in use! WARNING: CPU: 16 PID: 1 at mm/page_alloc.c:6902 free_contig_range+0x18c/0x1c8 Call trace: free_contig_range+0x18c/0x1c8 (P) cma_release+0x154/0x2f0 dma_free_contiguous+0x38/0xa0 dma_direct_free+0x10c/0x248 dma_free_attrs+0x100/0x290 dmam_free_coherent+0x78/0xd8 tegra241_vintf_free_lvcmdq+0x74/0x160 tegra241_cmdqv_remove+0x98/0x198 arm_smmu_impl_remove+0x28/0x60 devm_action_release+0x1c/0x40 This is because the LVCMDQ queue memory are managed by devres, while that dmam_free_coherent() is called in the context of devm_action_release(). Jason pointed out that "arm_smmu_impl_probe() has mis-ordered the devres callbacks if ops->device_remove() is going to be manually freeing things that probe allocated": https://lore.kernel.org/linux-iommu/20250407174408.GB1722458@nvidia.com/ In fact, tegra241_cmdqv_init_structures() only allocates memory resources which means any failure that it generates would be similar to -ENOMEM, so there is no point in having that "falling back to standard SMMU" routine, as the standard SMMU would likely fail to allocate memory too. Remove the unwind part in tegra241_cmdqv_init_structures(), and return a proper error code to ask SMMU driver to call tegra241_cmdqv_remove() via impl_ops->device_remove(). Then, drop tegra241_vintf_free_lvcmdq() since devres will take care of that.
The exploitability of CVE-2025-37837 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).
CVE-2025-37837 presents an accessible attack vector with minimal effort required. Restricting access controls and implementing security updates are critical to reducing exploitation risks.
A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.
Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.
Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.
Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2025-37837, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.
Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2025-37837, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.
NVD-CWE-noinfo
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