CVE-2025-36251 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2025-36251
Vulnerability Scoring

9.6
/10
Critical Risk

As a catastrophic security flaw, CVE-2025-36251 has severe implications, demanding immediate intervention.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: None
    No privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Changed
    Successful exploitation can impact components beyond the vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: Required
    User interaction is necessary for successful exploitation.

CVE-2025-36251 Details

Status: Analyzed

Last updated: 🕙 19 Nov 2025, 22:08 UTC
Originally published on: 🕙 13 Nov 2025, 22:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 5 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

psirt@us.ibm.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L

CVE-2025-36251 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2025-36251: IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM VIOS 3.1, and 4.1 nimsh service SSL/TLS implementations could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands due to improper process controls. This addresses additional attack vectors for a vulnerability that was previously addressed in CVE-2024-56347.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2025-36251

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2025-36251 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2025-36251

With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2025-36251 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2025-36251, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2025-36251, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: High
    Exploiting CVE-2025-36251 can result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, severely compromising data privacy.
  • Integrity: High
    CVE-2025-36251 could allow unauthorized modifications to data, potentially affecting system reliability and trust.
  • Availability: Low
    CVE-2025-36251 may slightly degrade system performance without fully affecting service availability.

CVE-2025-36251 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-114

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

  • Command Line Execution through SQL Injection CAPEC-108 An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.
  • Inclusion of Code in Existing Process CAPEC-640 The adversary takes advantage of a bug in an application failing to verify the integrity of the running process to execute arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. The adversary could use running code in the context of another process to try to access process's memory, system/network resources, etc. The goal of this attack is to evade detection defenses and escalate privileges by masking the malicious code under an existing legitimate process. Examples of approaches include but not limited to: dynamic-link library (DLL) injection, portable executable injection, thread execution hijacking, ptrace system calls, VDSO hijacking, function hooking, reflective code loading, and more.

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:a:ibm:vios:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:vios:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:ibm:vios:4.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:vios:4.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:ibm:aix:7.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:ibm:aix:7.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:ibm:aix:7.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:ibm:aix:7.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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