Security assessments indicate that CVE-2025-0431 presents a notable risk, potentially requiring prompt mitigation.
Status: Received on 19 Mar 2025, 17:15 UTC
Published on: 19 Mar 2025, 17:15 UTC
CVSS Release: version 3
security@proofpoint.com
Secondary
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N
CVE-2025-0431: Enterprise Protection contains a vulnerability in URL rewriting that allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to send an email which bypasses URL protections impacting the integrity of recipient's email. This occurs due to improper filtering of backslashes within URLs and affects all versions of 8.21, 8.20 and 8.18 prior to 8.21.0 patch 5115, 8.20.6 patch 5114 and 8.18.6 patch 5113 respectively.
The exploitability of CVE-2025-0431 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).
With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2025-0431 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.
A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.
Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.
Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.
Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2025-0431, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.
Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2025-0431, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.
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