CVE-2024-8178 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2024-8178
Vulnerability Scoring

8.8
/10
Severe Risk

Cybersecurity professionals consider CVE-2024-8178 an immediate threat requiring urgent mitigation.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Local
    Vulnerability requires local system access.
  • Privileges Required: Low
    Some privileges are necessary to exploit the vulnerability.
  • Scope: Changed
    Successful exploitation can impact components beyond the vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2024-8178 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕠 06 Sep 2024, 17:35 UTC
Originally published on: 🕔 05 Sep 2024, 05:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 1 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

nvd@nist.gov

CVSS3 Type

Primary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVE-2024-8178 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2024-8178: The ctl_write_buffer and ctl_read_buffer functions allocated memory to be returned to userspace, without initializing it. Malicious software running in a guest VM that exposes virtio_scsi can exploit the vulnerabilities to achieve code execution on the host in the bhyve userspace process, which typically runs as root. Note that bhyve runs in a Capsicum sandbox, so malicious code is constrained by the capabilities available to the bhyve process. A malicious iSCSI initiator could achieve remote code execution on the iSCSI target host.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2024-8178

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2024-8178 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2024-8178

CVE-2024-8178 presents an accessible attack vector with minimal effort required. Restricting access controls and implementing security updates are critical to reducing exploitation risks.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2024-8178, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2024-8178, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: High
    Exploiting CVE-2024-8178 can result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, severely compromising data privacy.
  • Integrity: High
    CVE-2024-8178 could allow unauthorized modifications to data, potentially affecting system reliability and trust.
  • Availability: High
    CVE-2024-8178 can disrupt system operations, potentially causing complete denial of service (DoS).

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.043% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 11.87% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 88.13% of others.

CVE-2024-8178 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-909

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p12:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p12:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p13:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p13:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta4:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta3-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:beta3-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc5-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.0:rc5-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:b1-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:b1-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:b2-p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:b2-p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:rc1-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:rc1-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.2:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.3:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.4:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.4:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:beta5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:beta5:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:rc4-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.0:rc4-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.1:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.1:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.1:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.1:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.1:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.1:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*

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