CVE-2024-45324 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2024-45324
Vulnerability Scoring

7.2
/10
Very High Risk

Highly exploitable, CVE-2024-45324 poses a critical security risk that could lead to severe breaches.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: High
    High-level privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2024-45324 Details

Status: Received on 11 Mar 2025, 15:15 UTC

Published on: 11 Mar 2025, 15:15 UTC

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

psirt@fortinet.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVE-2024-45324 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2024-45324: A use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability [CWE-134] in FortiOS version 7.4.0 through 7.4.4, version 7.2.0 through 7.2.9, version 7.0.0 through 7.0.15 and before 6.4.15, FortiProxy version 7.4.0 through 7.4.6, version 7.2.0 through 7.2.12 and before 7.0.19, FortiPAM version 1.4.0 through 1.4.2 and before 1.3.1, FortiSRA version 1.4.0 through 1.4.2 and before 1.3.1 and FortiWeb version 7.4.0 through 7.4.5, version 7.2.0 through 7.2.10 and before 7.0.10 allows a privileged attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted HTTP or HTTPS commands.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2024-45324

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2024-45324 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2024-45324

The exploitability of CVE-2024-45324 is influenced by multiple factors. Security teams should analyze system configurations and apply appropriate countermeasures to mitigate threats.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2024-45324, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2024-45324, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: High
    Exploiting CVE-2024-45324 can result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, severely compromising data privacy.
  • Integrity: High
    CVE-2024-45324 could allow unauthorized modifications to data, potentially affecting system reliability and trust.
  • Availability: High
    CVE-2024-45324 can disrupt system operations, potentially causing complete denial of service (DoS).

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.043% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 11.99% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 88.01% of others.

CVE-2024-45324 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-134

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

  • Format String Injection CAPEC-135 An adversary includes formatting characters in a string input field on the target application. Most applications assume that users will provide static text and may respond unpredictably to the presence of formatting character. For example, in certain functions of the C programming languages such as printf, the formatting character %s will print the contents of a memory location expecting this location to identify a string and the formatting character %n prints the number of DWORD written in the memory. An adversary can use this to read or write to memory locations or files, or simply to manipulate the value of the resulting text in unexpected ways. Reading or writing memory may result in program crashes and writing memory could result in the execution of arbitrary code if the adversary can write to the program stack.
  • String Format Overflow in syslog() CAPEC-67 This attack targets applications and software that uses the syslog() function insecurely. If an application does not explicitely use a format string parameter in a call to syslog(), user input can be placed in the format string parameter leading to a format string injection attack. Adversaries can then inject malicious format string commands into the function call leading to a buffer overflow. There are many reported software vulnerabilities with the root cause being a misuse of the syslog() function.

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