CVE-2023-54165 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2023-54165
Vulnerability Scoring

Analysis In Progress

Attack Complexity Details

Attack Complexity:
Attack Complexity Analysis In Progress
Attack Vector:
Attack Vector Under Analysis
Privileges Required: None
No authentication is required for exploitation.
Scope:
Impact is confined to the initially vulnerable component.
User Interaction: None
No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2023-54165 Details

Status: Awaiting Analysis

Last updated: 🕣 31 Dec 2025, 20:43 UTC
Originally published on: 🕐 30 Dec 2025, 13:16 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 1 days

CVSS Release:

CVE-2023-54165 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2023-54165: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: zsmalloc: move LRU update from zs_map_object() to zs_malloc() Under memory pressure, we sometimes observe the following crash: [ 5694.832838] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 5694.842093] list_del corruption, ffff888014b6a448->next is LIST_POISON1 (dead000000000100) [ 5694.858677] WARNING: CPU: 33 PID: 418824 at lib/list_debug.c:47 __list_del_entry_valid+0x42/0x80 [ 5694.961820] CPU: 33 PID: 418824 Comm: fuse_counters.s Kdump: loaded Tainted: G S 5.19.0-0_fbk3_rc3_hoangnhatpzsdynshrv41_10870_g85a9558a25de #1 [ 5694.990194] Hardware name: Wiwynn Twin Lakes MP/Twin Lakes Passive MP, BIOS YMM16 05/24/2021 [ 5695.007072] RIP: 0010:__list_del_entry_valid+0x42/0x80 [ 5695.017351] Code: 08 48 83 c2 22 48 39 d0 74 24 48 8b 10 48 39 f2 75 2c 48 8b 51 08 b0 01 48 39 f2 75 34 c3 48 c7 c7 55 d7 78 82 e8 4e 45 3b 00 <0f> 0b eb 31 48 c7 c7 27 a8 70 82 e8 3e 45 3b 00 0f 0b eb 21 48 c7 [ 5695.054919] RSP: 0018:ffffc90027aef4f0 EFLAGS: 00010246 [ 5695.065366] RAX: 41fe484987275300 RBX: ffff888008988180 RCX: 0000000000000000 [ 5695.079636] RDX: ffff88886006c280 RSI: ffff888860060480 RDI: ffff888860060480 [ 5695.093904] RBP: 0000000000000002 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffc90027aef370 [ 5695.108175] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: ffffffff82fdf1c0 R12: 0000000010000002 [ 5695.122447] R13: ffff888014b6a448 R14: ffff888014b6a420 R15: 00000000138dc240 [ 5695.136717] FS: 00007f23a7d3f740(0000) GS:ffff888860040000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 5695.152899] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 5695.164388] CR2: 0000560ceaab6ac0 CR3: 000000001c06c001 CR4: 00000000007706e0 [ 5695.178659] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 [ 5695.192927] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 [ 5695.207197] PKRU: 55555554 [ 5695.212602] Call Trace: [ 5695.217486] <TASK> [ 5695.221674] zs_map_object+0x91/0x270 [ 5695.229000] zswap_frontswap_store+0x33d/0x870 [ 5695.237885] ? do_raw_spin_lock+0x5d/0xa0 [ 5695.245899] __frontswap_store+0x51/0xb0 [ 5695.253742] swap_writepage+0x3c/0x60 [ 5695.261063] shrink_page_list+0x738/0x1230 [ 5695.269255] shrink_lruvec+0x5ec/0xcd0 [ 5695.276749] ? shrink_slab+0x187/0x5f0 [ 5695.284240] ? mem_cgroup_iter+0x6e/0x120 [ 5695.292255] shrink_node+0x293/0x7b0 [ 5695.299402] do_try_to_free_pages+0xea/0x550 [ 5695.307940] try_to_free_pages+0x19a/0x490 [ 5695.316126] __folio_alloc+0x19ff/0x3e40 [ 5695.323971] ? __filemap_get_folio+0x8a/0x4e0 [ 5695.332681] ? walk_component+0x2a8/0xb50 [ 5695.340697] ? generic_permission+0xda/0x2a0 [ 5695.349231] ? __filemap_get_folio+0x8a/0x4e0 [ 5695.357940] ? walk_component+0x2a8/0xb50 [ 5695.365955] vma_alloc_folio+0x10e/0x570 [ 5695.373796] ? walk_component+0x52/0xb50 [ 5695.381634] wp_page_copy+0x38c/0xc10 [ 5695.388953] ? filename_lookup+0x378/0xbc0 [ 5695.397140] handle_mm_fault+0x87f/0x1800 [ 5695.405157] do_user_addr_fault+0x1bd/0x570 [ 5695.413520] exc_page_fault+0x5d/0x110 [ 5695.421017] asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30 After some investigation, I have found the following issue: unlike other zswap backends, zsmalloc performs the LRU list update at the object mapping time, rather than when the slot for the object is allocated. This deviation was discussed and agreed upon during the review process of the zsmalloc writeback patch series: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/Y3flcAXNxxrvy3ZH@cmpxchg.org/ Unfortunately, this introduces a subtle bug that occurs when there is a concurrent store and reclaim, which interleave as follows: zswap_frontswap_store() shrink_worker() zs_malloc() zs_zpool_shrink() spin_lock(&pool->lock) zs_reclaim_page() zspage = find_get_zspage() spin_unlock(&pool->lock) spin_lock(&pool->lock) zspage = list_first_entry(&pool->lru) ---truncated---

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2023-54165

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2023-54165 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2023-54165

No exploitability data is available for CVE-2023-54165.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2023-54165, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2023-54165, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

Confidentiality: None
CVE-2023-54165 does not compromise confidentiality.
Integrity: None
CVE-2023-54165 does not impact data integrity.
Availability: None
CVE-2023-54165 does not affect system availability.

CVE-2023-54165 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

Unknown

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