CVE-2023-51701 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2023-51701
Vulnerability Scoring

5.3
/10
Significant Risk

Security assessments indicate that CVE-2023-51701 presents a notable risk, potentially requiring prompt mitigation.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: None
    No privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2023-51701 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕣 21 Nov 2024, 08:38 UTC
Originally published on: 🕑 08 Jan 2024, 14:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 317 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

security-advisories@github.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

CVE-2023-51701 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2023-51701: fastify-reply-from is a Fastify plugin to forward the current HTTP request to another server. A reverse proxy server built with `@fastify/reply-from` could misinterpret the incoming body by passing an header `ContentType: application/json ; charset=utf-8`. This can lead to bypass of security checks. This vulnerability has been patched in '@fastify/reply-from` version 9.6.0.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2023-51701

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2023-51701 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2023-51701

With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2023-51701 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2023-51701, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2023-51701, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: Low
    CVE-2023-51701 could lead to minor leaks of non-critical information without major privacy breaches.
  • Integrity: None
    CVE-2023-51701 poses no threat to data integrity.
  • Availability: None
    CVE-2023-51701 does not impact system availability.

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.061% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 28.95% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 71.05% of others.

CVE-2023-51701 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-444

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

  • HTTP Response Smuggling CAPEC-273 An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server). See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences. Modification/manipulation of HTTP message headers, request-line and body parameters to disrupt and interfere in the interpretation and parsing of HTTP message lengths/boundaries for consecutive HTTP messages by HTTP agents in a HTTP chain or network path.
  • HTTP Request Smuggling CAPEC-33 An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages using various HTTP headers, request-line and body parameters as well as message sizes (denoted by the end of message signaled by a given HTTP header) by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to secretly send unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server). See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences. Modification/manipulation of HTTP message headers, request-line and body parameters to disrupt and interfere in the interpretation and parsing of HTTP message lengths/boundaries for consecutive HTTP messages by HTTP agents in a HTTP chain or network path.

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:-:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:-:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.5:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.5:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.6:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.4.6:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.5.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.5.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.5.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.5.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.5.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.5.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.6.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.6.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.6.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.6.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.6.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:0.6.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:1.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:1.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:2.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:2.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.1.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:3.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:4.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:4.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:4.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:4.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:4.18.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:4.18.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:5.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.4.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.4.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.6.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:6.6.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.3.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.3.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.4.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:8.4.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fastify:reply-from:9.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

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