If left unpatched, CVE-2023-45584 could lead to major system disruptions or data loss.
Status: Received on 12 Aug 2025, 19:15 UTC
Published on: 12 Aug 2025, 19:15 UTC
CVSS Release: version 3
psirt@fortinet.com
Secondary
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVE-2023-45584: A double free vulnerability [CWE-415] in Fortinet FortiOS version 7.4.0, version 7.2.0 through 7.2.5 and before 7.0.12, FortiProxy version 7.4.0 through 7.4.1, version 7.2.0 through 7.2.7 and before 7.0.13 and FortiPAM version 1.1.0 through 1.1.2 and before 1.0.3 allows a privileged attacker to execute code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.
The exploitability of CVE-2023-45584 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).
The exploitability of CVE-2023-45584 is influenced by multiple factors. Security teams should analyze system configurations and apply appropriate countermeasures to mitigate threats.
A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.
Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.
Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.
Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2023-45584, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.
Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2023-45584, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.
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