CVE-2023-39438 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2023-39438
Vulnerability Scoring

8.1
/10
Severe Risk

Cybersecurity professionals consider CVE-2023-39438 an immediate threat requiring urgent mitigation.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: Low
    Some privileges are necessary to exploit the vulnerability.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2023-39438 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕗 21 Nov 2024, 08:15 UTC
Originally published on: 🕔 15 Aug 2023, 17:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 463 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

cna@sap.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVE-2023-39438 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2023-39438: A missing authorization check allows an arbitrary authenticated user to perform certain operations through the API of CLA-assistant by executing specific additional steps. This allows an arbitrary authenticated user to read CLA information including information of the persons who signed them as well as custom fields the CLA requester had configured. In addition, an arbitrary authenticated user can update or delete the CLA-configuration for repositories or organizations using CLA-assistant. The stored access tokens for GitHub are not affected, as these are redacted from the API-responses.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2023-39438

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2023-39438 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2023-39438

CVE-2023-39438 presents an accessible attack vector with minimal effort required. Restricting access controls and implementing security updates are critical to reducing exploitation risks.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2023-39438, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2023-39438, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: High
    Exploiting CVE-2023-39438 can result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, severely compromising data privacy.
  • Integrity: High
    CVE-2023-39438 could allow unauthorized modifications to data, potentially affecting system reliability and trust.
  • Availability: None
    CVE-2023-39438 does not impact system availability.

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.065% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 31.45% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 68.55% of others.

CVE-2023-39438 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

  • Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws CAPEC-665 An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:1.10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.8.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.9.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.9.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.13.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:sap:contributor_license_agreement_assistant:2.13.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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