CVE-2023-37929 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2023-37929
Vulnerability Scoring

6.5
/10
High Risk

If left unpatched, CVE-2023-37929 could lead to major system disruptions or data loss.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: Low
    Some privileges are necessary to exploit the vulnerability.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2023-37929 Details

Status: Analyzed

Last updated: 🕥 22 Jan 2025, 22:55 UTC
Originally published on: 🕑 21 May 2024, 02:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 246 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

security@zyxel.com.tw

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVE-2023-37929 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2023-37929: The buffer overflow vulnerability in the CGI program of the VMG3625-T50B firmware version V5.50(ABPM.8)C0 could allow an authenticated remote attacker to cause denial of service (DoS) conditions by sending a crafted HTTP request to a vulnerable device.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2023-37929

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2023-37929 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2023-37929

CVE-2023-37929 presents an accessible attack vector with minimal effort required. Restricting access controls and implementing security updates are critical to reducing exploitation risks.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2023-37929, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2023-37929, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: None
    CVE-2023-37929 has no significant impact on data confidentiality.
  • Integrity: None
    CVE-2023-37929 poses no threat to data integrity.
  • Availability: High
    CVE-2023-37929 can disrupt system operations, potentially causing complete denial of service (DoS).

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.043% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 11.87% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 88.13% of others.

CVE-2023-37929 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-120

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

  • Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables CAPEC-10 This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the adversary finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
  • Overflow Buffers CAPEC-100 Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.
  • Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow CAPEC-14 This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service. This hostile service is created to deliver the correct content to the client software. For example, if the client-side application is a browser, the service will host a webpage that the browser loads.
  • Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow CAPEC-24 In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).
  • MIME Conversion CAPEC-42 An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.
  • Overflow Binary Resource File CAPEC-44 An attack of this type exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of binary resources. Binary resources may include music files like MP3, image files like JPEG files, and any other binary file. These attacks may pass unnoticed to the client machine through normal usage of files, such as a browser loading a seemingly innocent JPEG file. This can allow the adversary access to the execution stack and execute arbitrary code in the target process.
  • Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links CAPEC-45 This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.
  • Overflow Variables and Tags CAPEC-46 This type of attack leverages the use of tags or variables from a formatted configuration data to cause buffer overflow. The adversary crafts a malicious HTML page or configuration file that includes oversized strings, thus causing an overflow.
  • Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion CAPEC-47 In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.
  • String Format Overflow in syslog() CAPEC-67 This attack targets applications and software that uses the syslog() function insecurely. If an application does not explicitely use a format string parameter in a call to syslog(), user input can be placed in the format string parameter leading to a format string injection attack. Adversaries can then inject malicious format string commands into the function call leading to a buffer overflow. There are many reported software vulnerabilities with the root cause being a misuse of the syslog() function.
  • Buffer Overflow in an API Call CAPEC-8 This attack targets libraries or shared code modules which are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. An adversary who has knowledge of known vulnerable libraries or shared code can easily target software that makes use of these libraries. All clients that make use of the code library thus become vulnerable by association. This has a very broad effect on security across a system, usually affecting more than one software process.
  • Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities CAPEC-9 This attack targets command-line utilities available in a number of shells. An adversary can leverage a vulnerability found in a command-line utility to escalate privilege to root.
  • Forced Integer Overflow CAPEC-92 This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx3300-t1_firmware:5.50\(aby.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx3300-t1_firmware:5.50\(aby.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx3300-t1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx3300-t1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx3301-t0_firmware:5.50\(aby.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx3301-t0_firmware:5.50\(aby.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx3301-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx3301-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx4510_firmware:5.17\(abyl.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx4510_firmware:5.17\(abyl.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx4510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx4510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx5401-b0_firmware:5.17\(abyo.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx5401-b0_firmware:5.17\(abyo.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx5401-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx5401-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx5401-b1_firmware:5.17\(abyo.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:dx5401-b1_firmware:5.17\(abyo.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx5401-b1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:dx5401-b1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg3525-t50b_firmware:5.50\(abpm.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg3525-t50b_firmware:5.50\(abpm.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:emg3525-t50b:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:emg3525-t50b:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg5523-t50b_firmware:5.50\(abpm.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg5523-t50b_firmware:5.50\(abpm.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:emg5523-t50b:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:emg5523-t50b:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg5723-t50k_firmware:5.50\(abom.8.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:emg5723-t50k_firmware:5.50\(abom.8.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:emg5723-t50k:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:emg5723-t50k:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3300-t1_firmware:5.50\(aby.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3300-t1_firmware:5.50\(aby.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3300-t1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3300-t1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3301-t0_firmware:5.50\(aby.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3301-t0_firmware:5.50\(aby.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3301-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3301-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3500-t0_firmware:5.44\(achr.0\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3500-t0_firmware:5.44\(achr.0\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3500-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3500-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3501-t0_firmware:5.44\(achr.0\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3501-t0_firmware:5.44\(achr.0\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3501-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3501-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3510_firmware:5.17\(abup.9\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex3510_firmware:5.17\(abup.9\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex3510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5401-b0_firmware:5.17\(abyo.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5401-b0_firmware:5.17\(abyo.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5401-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5401-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5401-b1_firmware:5.17\(abyo.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5401-b1_firmware:5.17\(abyo.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5401-b1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5401-b1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5501-b0_firmware:5.17\(abry.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5501-b0_firmware:5.17\(abry.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5501-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5501-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5510_firmware:5.17\(abqx.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5510_firmware:5.17\(abqx.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5512-t0_firmware:5.70\(aceg.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5512-t0_firmware:5.70\(aceg.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5512-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5512-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5600-t1_firmware:5.70\(acdz.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5600-t1_firmware:5.70\(acdz.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5600-t1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5600-t1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5601-t0_firmware:5.70\(acdz.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5601-t0_firmware:5.70\(acdz.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5601-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5601-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5601-t1_firmware:5.70\(acdz.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex5601-t1_firmware:5.70\(acdz.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5601-t1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex5601-t1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex7710-b0_firmware:5.18\(acak.0\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ex7710-b0_firmware:5.18\(acak.0\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex7710-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ex7710-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3625-t50b_firmware:5.50\(abpm.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3625-t50b_firmware:5.50\(abpm.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vmg3625-t50b:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vmg3625-t50b:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3927-t50k_firmware:5.50\(abom.8.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg3927-t50k_firmware:5.50\(abom.8.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vmg3927-t50k:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vmg3927-t50k:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8623-t50b_firmware:5.50\(abpm.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8623-t50b_firmware:5.50\(abpm.8\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vmg8623-t50b:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vmg8623-t50b:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8825-t50k_firmware:5.50\(abom.8.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vmg8825-t50k_firmware:5.50\(abom.8.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vmg8825-t50k:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:vmg8825-t50k:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ax7501-b0_firmware:5.17\(abpc.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ax7501-b0_firmware:5.17\(abpc.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ax7501-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ax7501-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ax7501-b1_firmware:5.17\(abpc.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:ax7501-b1_firmware:5.17\(abpc.4\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ax7501-b1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:ax7501-b1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wx3100-t0_firmware:5.50\(abl.3\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wx3100-t0_firmware:5.50\(abl.3\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:wx3100-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:wx3100-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wx5600-t0_firmware:5.70\(aceb.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wx5600-t0_firmware:5.70\(aceb.2\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:wx5600-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:wx5600-t0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wx5610-b0_firmware:5.18\(acgj.0\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:wx5610-b0_firmware:5.18\(acgj.0\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:wx5610-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:wx5610-b0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nbg7510_firmware:1.00\(abzy.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:nbg7510_firmware:1.00\(abzy.5\)c0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:nbg7510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:zyxel:nbg7510:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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