CVE-2023-34234 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2023-34234
Vulnerability Scoring

5.3
/10
Significant Risk

Security assessments indicate that CVE-2023-34234 presents a notable risk, potentially requiring prompt mitigation.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: None
    No privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2023-34234 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕗 21 Nov 2024, 08:06 UTC
Originally published on: 🕕 07 Jun 2023, 18:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 532 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

security-advisories@github.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

CVE-2023-34234 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2023-34234: OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for smart contract development. By frontrunning the creation of a proposal, an attacker can become the proposer and gain the ability to cancel it. The attacker can do this repeatedly to try to prevent a proposal from being proposed at all. This impacts the `Governor` contract in v4.9.0 only, and the `GovernorCompatibilityBravo` contract since v4.3.0. This problem has been patched in 4.9.1 by introducing opt-in frontrunning protection. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may submit the proposal creation transaction to an endpoint with frontrunning protection as a workaround.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2023-34234

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2023-34234 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2023-34234

With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2023-34234 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2023-34234, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2023-34234, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: None
    CVE-2023-34234 has no significant impact on data confidentiality.
  • Integrity: None
    CVE-2023-34234 poses no threat to data integrity.
  • Availability: Low
    CVE-2023-34234 may slightly degrade system performance without fully affecting service availability.

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.097% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 42.69% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 57.31% of others.

CVE-2023-34234 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

NVD-CWE-noinfo

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.3.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.4.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.4.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.5.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.5.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.6.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.6.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.6.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.6.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.7.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.7.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.7.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.7.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.7.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.7.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.7.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.7.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.0:rc2:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.0:rc2:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.8.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.9.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.9.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.9.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.9.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.9.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:4.9.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.3.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.5.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.5.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.5.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.5.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.5.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.5.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.5.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.5.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.6.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.6.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.6.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.6.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.7.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.0:rc2:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.0:rc2:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.8.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.9.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.9.0:-:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.9.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.9.0:rc0:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.9.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts_upgradeable:4.9.0:rc1:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

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