CVE-2023-31137 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2023-31137
Vulnerability Scoring

7.5
/10
Very High Risk

Highly exploitable, CVE-2023-31137 poses a critical security risk that could lead to severe breaches.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: None
    No privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2023-31137 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕗 21 Nov 2024, 08:01 UTC
Originally published on: 🕑 09 May 2023, 14:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 561 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

security-advisories@github.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVE-2023-31137 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2023-31137: MaraDNS is open-source software that implements the Domain Name System (DNS). In version 3.5.0024 and prior, a remotely exploitable integer underflow vulnerability in the DNS packet decompression function allows an attacker to cause a Denial of Service by triggering an abnormal program termination. The vulnerability exists in the `decomp_get_rddata` function within the `Decompress.c` file. When handling a DNS packet with an Answer RR of qtype 16 (TXT record) and any qclass, if the `rdlength` is smaller than `rdata`, the result of the line `Decompress.c:886` is a negative number `len = rdlength - total;`. This value is then passed to the `decomp_append_bytes` function without proper validation, causing the program to attempt to allocate a massive chunk of memory that is impossible to allocate. Consequently, the program exits with an error code of 64, causing a Denial of Service. One proposed fix for this vulnerability is to patch `Decompress.c:887` by breaking `if(len <= 0)`, which has been incorporated in version 3.5.0036 via commit bab062bde40b2ae8a91eecd522e84d8b993bab58.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2023-31137

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2023-31137 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2023-31137

With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2023-31137 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2023-31137, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2023-31137, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: None
    CVE-2023-31137 has no significant impact on data confidentiality.
  • Integrity: None
    CVE-2023-31137 poses no threat to data integrity.
  • Availability: High
    CVE-2023-31137 can disrupt system operations, potentially causing complete denial of service (DoS).

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 1.034% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 84.14% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 15.86% of others.

CVE-2023-31137 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-191

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.07.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.3.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.01:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.01:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.02:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.02:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.03:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.03:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.04:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.04:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.05:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.05:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.06:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.06:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.07:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.07:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.08:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.08:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:1.4.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.07b:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.07b:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.07c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.07c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.07d:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.07d:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.01:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.01:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.02:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.02:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.03:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.03:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.04:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.04:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.05:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.05:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.06:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.06:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.07:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.07:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.08:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.08:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:2.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.06:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.06:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.07:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.07:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.08:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.08:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.2.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.3.03:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.3.03:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.01:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.01:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.03:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.03:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.04:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.04:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.05:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.05:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.07:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.07:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.4.09:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0001:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0001:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0002:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0002:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0003:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0003:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0004:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0004:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0005:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0005:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0006:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0006:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0007:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0007:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0008:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0008:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0009:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0009:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0010:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0010:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0011:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0011:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0012:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0012:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0013:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0013:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0014:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0014:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0015:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0015:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0017:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0017:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0018:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0018:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0020:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0020:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0021:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0021:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0023:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0023:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0024:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0024:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0026:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0026:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0027:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0027:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0028:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0028:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0029:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0029:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0030:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:maradns:maradns:3.5.0030:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:37:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:37:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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