CVE-2023-26302 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2023-26302
Vulnerability Scoring

3.3
/10
Moderate Risk

Exploiting CVE-2023-26302 requires specific conditions, leading to a moderate security impact.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Local
    Vulnerability requires local system access.
  • Privileges Required: Low
    Some privileges are necessary to exploit the vulnerability.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2023-26302 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕖 11 Mar 2025, 19:15 UTC
Originally published on: 🕚 22 Feb 2023, 23:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 747 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

security@ubuntu.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

CVE-2023-26302 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2023-26302: Denial of service could be caused to the command line interface of markdown-it-py, before v2.2.0, if an attacker was allowed to use invalid UTF-8 characters as input.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2023-26302

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2023-26302 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2023-26302

CVE-2023-26302 presents an accessible attack vector with minimal effort required. Restricting access controls and implementing security updates are critical to reducing exploitation risks.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2023-26302, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2023-26302, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: None
    CVE-2023-26302 has no significant impact on data confidentiality.
  • Integrity: None
    CVE-2023-26302 poses no threat to data integrity.
  • Availability: Low
    CVE-2023-26302 may slightly degrade system performance without fully affecting service availability.

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.044% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 15.45% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 84.55% of others.

CVE-2023-26302 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-173

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

  • Double Encoding CAPEC-120 The adversary utilizes a repeating of the encoding process for a set of characters (that is, character encoding a character encoding of a character) to obfuscate the payload of a particular request. This may allow the adversary to bypass filters that attempt to detect illegal characters or strings, such as those that might be used in traversal or injection attacks. Filters may be able to catch illegal encoded strings, but may not catch doubly encoded strings. For example, a dot (.), often used in path traversal attacks and therefore often blocked by filters, could be URL encoded as %2E. However, many filters recognize this encoding and would still block the request. In a double encoding, the % in the above URL encoding would be encoded again as %25, resulting in %252E which some filters might not catch, but which could still be interpreted as a dot (.) by interpreters on the target.
  • Leverage Alternate Encoding CAPEC-267 An adversary leverages the possibility to encode potentially harmful input or content used by applications such that the applications are ineffective at validating this encoding standard.
  • Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters CAPEC-3 Some APIs will strip certain leading characters from a string of parameters. An adversary can intentionally introduce leading "ghost" characters (extra characters that don't affect the validity of the request at the API layer) that enable the input to pass the filters and therefore process the adversary's input. This occurs when the targeted API will accept input data in several syntactic forms and interpret it in the equivalent semantic way, while the filter does not take into account the full spectrum of the syntactic forms acceptable to the targeted API.
  • Using Alternative IP Address Encodings CAPEC-4 This attack relies on the adversary using unexpected formats for representing IP addresses. Networked applications may expect network location information in a specific format, such as fully qualified domains names (FQDNs), URL, IP address, or IP Address ranges. If the location information is not validated against a variety of different possible encodings and formats, the adversary can use an alternate format to bypass application access control.
  • Embedding NULL Bytes CAPEC-52 An adversary embeds one or more null bytes in input to the target software. This attack relies on the usage of a null-valued byte as a string terminator in many environments. The goal is for certain components of the target software to stop processing the input when it encounters the null byte(s).
  • Postfix, Null Terminate, and Backslash CAPEC-53 If a string is passed through a filter of some kind, then a terminal NULL may not be valid. Using alternate representation of NULL allows an adversary to embed the NULL mid-string while postfixing the proper data so that the filter is avoided. One example is a filter that looks for a trailing slash character. If a string insertion is possible, but the slash must exist, an alternate encoding of NULL in mid-string may be used.
  • Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic CAPEC-64 This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
  • Using Unicode Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic CAPEC-71 An attacker may provide a Unicode string to a system component that is not Unicode aware and use that to circumvent the filter or cause the classifying mechanism to fail to properly understanding the request. That may allow the attacker to slip malicious data past the content filter and/or possibly cause the application to route the request incorrectly.
  • URL Encoding CAPEC-72 This attack targets the encoding of the URL. An adversary can take advantage of the multiple way of encoding an URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL.
  • Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding CAPEC-78 This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.
  • Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding CAPEC-79 This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.
  • Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic CAPEC-80 This attack is a specific variation on leveraging alternate encodings to bypass validation logic. This attack leverages the possibility to encode potentially harmful input in UTF-8 and submit it to applications not expecting or effective at validating this encoding standard making input filtering difficult. UTF-8 (8-bit UCS/Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode. Legal UTF-8 characters are one to four bytes long. However, early version of the UTF-8 specification got some entries wrong (in some cases it permitted overlong characters). UTF-8 encoders are supposed to use the "shortest possible" encoding, but naive decoders may accept encodings that are longer than necessary. According to the RFC 3629, a particularly subtle form of this attack can be carried out against a parser which performs security-critical validity checks against the UTF-8 encoded form of its input, but interprets certain illegal octet sequences as characters.

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1a:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1a:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1b:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1b:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1d:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.1.1d:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.4.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.5.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:0.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.0.0b1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.0.0b1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.0.0b2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.0.0b2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.0.0b3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.0.0b3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:1.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:executablebooks:markdown-it-py:2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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