CVE-2022-4450 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2022-4450
Vulnerability Scoring

7.5
/10
Very High Risk

Highly exploitable, CVE-2022-4450 poses a critical security risk that could lead to severe breaches.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: Low
    Exploits can be performed without significant complexity or special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: None
    No privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2022-4450 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕔 13 Feb 2025, 17:15 UTC
Originally published on: 🕗 08 Feb 2023, 20:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 735 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

nvd@nist.gov

CVSS3 Type

Primary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVE-2022-4450 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2022-4450: The function PEM_read_bio_ex() reads a PEM file from a BIO and parses and decodes the "name" (e.g. "CERTIFICATE"), any header data and the payload data. If the function succeeds then the "name_out", "header" and "data" arguments are populated with pointers to buffers containing the relevant decoded data. The caller is responsible for freeing those buffers. It is possible to construct a PEM file that results in 0 bytes of payload data. In this case PEM_read_bio_ex() will return a failure code but will populate the header argument with a pointer to a buffer that has already been freed. If the caller also frees this buffer then a double free will occur. This will most likely lead to a crash. This could be exploited by an attacker who has the ability to supply malicious PEM files for parsing to achieve a denial of service attack. The functions PEM_read_bio() and PEM_read() are simple wrappers around PEM_read_bio_ex() and therefore these functions are also directly affected. These functions are also called indirectly by a number of other OpenSSL functions including PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio_ex() and SSL_CTX_use_serverinfo_file() which are also vulnerable. Some OpenSSL internal uses of these functions are not vulnerable because the caller does not free the header argument if PEM_read_bio_ex() returns a failure code. These locations include the PEM_read_bio_TYPE() functions as well as the decoders introduced in OpenSSL 3.0. The OpenSSL asn1parse command line application is also impacted by this issue.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2022-4450

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2022-4450 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2022-4450

With low attack complexity and no required privileges, CVE-2022-4450 is an easy target for cybercriminals. Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation measures to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2022-4450, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2022-4450, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: None
    CVE-2022-4450 has no significant impact on data confidentiality.
  • Integrity: None
    CVE-2022-4450 poses no threat to data integrity.
  • Availability: High
    CVE-2022-4450 can disrupt system operations, potentially causing complete denial of service (DoS).

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.177% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 55.85% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 44.15% of others.

CVE-2022-4450 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-415

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1a:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1a:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1b:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1b:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1d:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1d:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1e:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1e:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1f:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1f:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1g:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1g:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1h:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1h:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1i:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1i:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1j:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1j:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1k:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1k:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1l:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1l:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1m:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1m:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1n:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1n:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1o:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1o:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1p:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1p:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1q:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1q:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1r:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1r:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1s:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:1.1.1s:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha10:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha10:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha11:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha11:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha12:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha12:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha13:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha13:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha14:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha14:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha15:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha15:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha16:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha16:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha17:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha17:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha3:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha3:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha4:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha4:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha5:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha5:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha6:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha6:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha7:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha7:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha8:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha8:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha9:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.0:alpha9:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.1.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.1.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.2.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.12.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.12.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.3.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.5.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.5.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:stormshield:stormshield_network_security:4.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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