CVE-2022-23540 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2022-23540
Vulnerability Scoring

6.4

/10

High Risk

If left unpatched, CVE-2022-23540 could lead to major system disruptions or data loss.

Attack Complexity Details

Attack Complexity: High
Exploits require significant effort and special conditions.
Attack Vector: Network
Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
Privileges Required: Low
Some privileges are necessary to exploit the vulnerability.
Scope: Unchanged
Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
User Interaction: None
No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2022-23540 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕔 13 Feb 2025, 17:15 UTC
Originally published on: 🕖 22 Dec 2022, 19:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 783 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

security-advisories@github.com

CVSS3 Type

Secondary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L

CVE-2022-23540 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2022-23540: In versions `<=8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library, lack of algorithm definition in the `jwt.verify()` function can lead to signature validation bypass due to defaulting to the `none` algorithm for signature verification. Users are affected if you do not specify algorithms in the `jwt.verify()` function. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0 which removes the default support for the none algorithm in the `jwt.verify()` method. There will be no impact, if you update to version 9.0.0 and you don’t need to allow for the `none` algorithm. If you need 'none' algorithm, you have to explicitly specify that in `jwt.verify()` options.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2022-23540

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2022-23540 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2022-23540

This vulnerability, CVE-2022-23540, requires a high level of attack complexity and low privileges, making it difficult but not impossible to exploit. Organizations should ensure robust security configurations to mitigate risks.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2022-23540, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2022-23540, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

Confidentiality: Low
CVE-2022-23540 could lead to minor leaks of non-critical information without major privacy breaches.
Integrity: High
CVE-2022-23540 could allow unauthorized modifications to data, potentially affecting system reliability and trust.
Availability: Low
CVE-2022-23540 may slightly degrade system performance without fully affecting service availability.

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 0.093% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 41.96% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 58.04% of others.

CVE-2022-23540 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-347

CAPEC Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification

Padding Oracle Crypto Attack CAPEC-463 An adversary is able to efficiently decrypt data without knowing the decryption key if a target system leaks data on whether or not a padding error happened while decrypting the ciphertext. A target system that leaks this type of information becomes the padding oracle and an adversary is able to make use of that oracle to efficiently decrypt data without knowing the decryption key by issuing on average 128*b calls to the padding oracle (where b is the number of bytes in the ciphertext block). In addition to performing decryption, an adversary is also able to produce valid ciphertexts (i.e., perform encryption) by using the padding oracle, all without knowing the encryption key.
Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation CAPEC-475 An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.

Vulnerable Configurations

cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:0.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.1.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.1.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:1.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.2.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:3.2.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.2.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:4.2.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.5:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.0.5:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.3.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.3.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.5.4:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.6.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.6.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.6.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.6.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.7.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:5.7.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.1.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.1.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:6.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.5:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.5:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.6:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.6:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.7:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.7:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.8:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.8:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.9:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.9:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.10:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.1.10:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.4.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.4.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.4.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:7.4.3:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.0.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.0.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.1.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.1.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.2.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.2.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.2.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.2.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.3.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.4.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.5.0:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.5.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:auth0:jsonwebtoken:8.5.1:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

Protect Your Infrastructure against CVE-2022-23540: Combat Critical CVE Threats

Stay updated with real-time CVE vulnerabilities and take action to secure your systems. Enhance your cybersecurity posture with the latest threat intelligence and mitigation techniques. Develop the skills necessary to defend against CVEs and secure critical infrastructures. Join the top cybersecurity professionals safeguarding today's infrastructures.

Other 5 Recently Published CVEs Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-43903 – NSSCryptoSignBackend.cc in Poppler before 25.04.0 does not verify the adbe.pkcs7.sha1 signatures on documents, resulting in potential signature forgeries.
CVE-2025-3796 – A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in PHPGurukul Men Salon Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /admi...
CVE-2025-32953 – z80pack is a mature emulator of multiple platforms with 8080 and Z80 CPU. In version 1.38 and prior, the `makefile-ubuntu.yml` workflow file uses `...
CVE-2025-29058 – An issue in Qimou CMS v.3.34.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the upgrade.php component.
CVE-2024-53591 – An issue in the login page of Seclore v3.27.5.0 allows attackers to bypass authentication via a brute force attack.