CVE-2021-22901 Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2021-22901
Vulnerability Scoring

8.1
/10
Severe Risk

Cybersecurity professionals consider CVE-2021-22901 an immediate threat requiring urgent mitigation.

Attack Complexity Details

  • Attack Complexity: High
    Exploits require significant effort and special conditions.
  • Attack Vector: Network
    Vulnerability is exploitable over a network without physical access.
  • Privileges Required: None
    No privileges are required for exploitation.
  • Scope: Unchanged
    Exploit remains within the originally vulnerable component.
  • User Interaction: None
    No user interaction is necessary for exploitation.

CVE-2021-22901 Details

Status: Modified

Last updated: 🕠 21 Nov 2024, 05:50 UTC
Originally published on: 🕓 11 Jun 2021, 16:15 UTC

Time between publication and last update: 1258 days

CVSS Release: version 3

CVSS3 Source

nvd@nist.gov

CVSS3 Type

Primary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVE-2021-22901 Vulnerability Summary

CVE-2021-22901: curl 7.75.0 through 7.76.1 suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability resulting in already freed memory being used when a TLS 1.3 session ticket arrives over a connection. A malicious server can use this in rare unfortunate circumstances to potentially reach remote code execution in the client. When libcurl at run-time sets up support for TLS 1.3 session tickets on a connection using OpenSSL, it stores pointers to the transfer in-memory object for later retrieval when a session ticket arrives. If the connection is used by multiple transfers (like with a reused HTTP/1.1 connection or multiplexed HTTP/2 connection) that first transfer object might be freed before the new session is established on that connection and then the function will access a memory buffer that might be freed. When using that memory, libcurl might even call a function pointer in the object, making it possible for a remote code execution if the server could somehow manage to get crafted memory content into the correct place in memory.

Assessing the Risk of CVE-2021-22901

Access Complexity Graph

The exploitability of CVE-2021-22901 depends on two key factors: attack complexity (the level of effort required to execute an exploit) and privileges required (the access level an attacker needs).

Exploitability Analysis for CVE-2021-22901

CVE-2021-22901 presents a challenge to exploit due to its high attack complexity, but the absence of privilege requirements still makes it a viable target for skilled attackers. A thorough security review is advised.

Understanding AC and PR

A lower complexity and fewer privilege requirements make exploitation easier. Security teams should evaluate these aspects to determine the urgency of mitigation strategies, such as patch management and access control policies.

Attack Complexity (AC) measures the difficulty in executing an exploit. A high AC means that specific conditions must be met, making an attack more challenging, while a low AC means the vulnerability can be exploited with minimal effort.

Privileges Required (PR) determine the level of system access necessary for an attack. Vulnerabilities requiring no privileges are more accessible to attackers, whereas high privilege requirements limit exploitation to authorized users with elevated access.

CVSS Score Breakdown Chart

Above is the CVSS Sub-score Breakdown for CVE-2021-22901, illustrating how Base, Impact, and Exploitability factors combine to form the overall severity rating. A higher sub-score typically indicates a more severe or easier-to-exploit vulnerability.

CIA Impact Analysis

Below is the Impact Analysis for CVE-2021-22901, showing how Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability might be affected if the vulnerability is exploited. Higher values usually signal greater potential damage.

  • Confidentiality: High
    Exploiting CVE-2021-22901 can result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, severely compromising data privacy.
  • Integrity: High
    CVE-2021-22901 could allow unauthorized modifications to data, potentially affecting system reliability and trust.
  • Availability: High
    CVE-2021-22901 can disrupt system operations, potentially causing complete denial of service (DoS).

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

The EPSS score estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the near future.

EPSS Score: 6.725% (probability of exploit)

EPSS Percentile: 93.91% (lower percentile = lower relative risk)
This vulnerability is less risky than approximately 6.090000000000003% of others.

CVE-2021-22901 References

External References

CWE Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-416

Vulnerable Configurations

  • cpe:2.3:a:haxx:curl:7.75.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:haxx:curl:7.75.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:haxx:curl:7.76.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:haxx:curl:7.76.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:haxx:curl:7.76.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:haxx:curl:7.76.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_binding_support_function:1.11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_binding_support_function:1.11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_network_function_cloud_native_environment:1.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_network_function_cloud_native_environment:1.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_network_repository_function:1.15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_network_repository_function:1.15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_network_repository_function:1.15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_network_repository_function:1.15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_network_slice_selection_function:1.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_network_slice_selection_function:1.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_service_communication_proxy:1.15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_service_communication_proxy:1.15.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:essbase:21.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:essbase:21.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:essbase:21.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:essbase:21.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.26:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.26:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.27:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.27:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.28:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.28:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.32:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.32:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.33:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.33:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:5.7.34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.22:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.22:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.23:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.23:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.24:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.24:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.25:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:oracle:mysql_server:8.0.25:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:active_iq_unified_manager:-:*:*:*:*:vsphere:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:netapp:active_iq_unified_manager:-:*:*:*:*:vsphere:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:active_iq_unified_manager:-:*:*:*:*:windows:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:netapp:active_iq_unified_manager:-:*:*:*:*:windows:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_insight:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_insight:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_workflow_automation:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_workflow_automation:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:snapcenter:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:netapp:snapcenter:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:solidfire\,_enterprise_sds_\&_hci_storage_node:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:netapp:solidfire\,_enterprise_sds_\&_hci_storage_node:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:netapp:solidfire_\&_hci_management_node:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:netapp:solidfire_\&_hci_management_node:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:solidfire_baseboard_management_controller_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:solidfire_baseboard_management_controller_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:hci_compute_node_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:hci_compute_node_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:netapp:hci_compute_node:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:netapp:hci_compute_node:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h300e_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h300e_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h300e:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h300e:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h300s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h300s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h300s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h300s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h410s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h410s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h410s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h410s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h500e_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h500e_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h500e:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h500e:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h500s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h500s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h500s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h500s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h700e_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h700e_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h700e:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h700e:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h700s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h700s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h700s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:h:netapp:h700s:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:siemens:sinec_infrastructure_network_services:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:siemens:sinec_infrastructure_network_services:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:siemens:sinec_infrastructure_network_services:1.0.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:siemens:sinec_infrastructure_network_services:1.0.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:8.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  • cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:splunk:universal_forwarder:9.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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