CVE-2020-27587: Vulnerability Analysis & Exploit Details

CVE-2020-27587 Vulnerability Summary

Quick Heal Total Security before 19.0 allows attackers with local admin rights to obtain access to files in the File Vault via a brute-force attack on the password.

CVE-2020-27587: Detailed Information and External References

EPSS

0.00042

EPSS %

0.05045

References

0.00042

• https://cyberworldmirror.com/quick-heal-addressed-multiple-vulnerabilities-in-version-19-update-now/

CWE

CWE-521

CAPEC

0.00042

• Brute Force: In this attack, some asset (information, functionality, identity, etc.) is protected by a finite secret value. The attacker attempts to gain access to this asset by using trial-and-error to exhaustively explore all the possible secret values in the hope of finding the secret (or a value that is functionally equivalent) that will unlock the asset.
• Dictionary-based Password Attack: An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern. Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts.
• Password Brute Forcing: An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.
• Kerberoasting: Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
• Rainbow Table Password Cracking: An attacker gets access to the database table where hashes of passwords are stored. They then use a rainbow table of pre-computed hash chains to attempt to look up the original password. Once the original password corresponding to the hash is obtained, the attacker uses the original password to gain access to the system.
• Remote Services with Stolen Credentials: This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
• Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials: An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
• Password Spraying: In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.
• Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords: An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.

Vulnerable Configurations

• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:10.1.0.316:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:10.1.0.316:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:11.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:11.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:12.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:12.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:13.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:13.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:14.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:14.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:15.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:15.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:16.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:16.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:17.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:17.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
• cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:18.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
  cpe:2.3:a:quickheal:total_security:18.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

CVSS3 Source

nvd@nist.gov

CVSS3 Type

Primary

CVSS3 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H